Masumeh Alizadeh; h b; Alireza yadavi
Abstract
Background and Objectives As on of the world's arid and semiarid climate regions, Iran suffers from two major problems of soil and irrigation water quality in agriculture of arid regions. ...
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Background and Objectives As on of the world's arid and semiarid climate regions, Iran suffers from two major problems of soil and irrigation water quality in agriculture of arid regions. The first and most critical step of plant growth and development is germination; in addition, the uniformity of germination, average time of germination and emergence are also important parameters in seed quality. One of the new techniques in this regard the use of seed pretreatment that is generally referred to as priming. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of water quality on yield and yield components of two sesame genotypes and determine the genotypes that adapt themselves quickly to changing circumstances of priming and water quality. Material and methods In order to study the effects of water quality, priming and genotypes on yield and yield components of sesame, a field experiment as split plot factorial based on RCBD with three replications was conducted in Dashtestan of Bushehr province in 2013. The main plot involves two measures of water quality (the first by the EC: 3.4 ds/m, soluble salts: 2.14 g/l, pH: 7.7, calcium and sodium: 560 and 276 ppm, and the second by the EC: 0.601 ds/m, soluble salts: 0.33 g/l, pH: 7.4 and calcium and sodium: 96 and 23 ppm) and the sub-plot consisted of factorial arrangement of genotypes (Dashtestan 2 and Line 5) and priming (salicylic acid in 25 and 50 mg per liter and NaCl in 5 and 10 grams per liter and hydro priming as a control). Ultimately, the grain yield, oil yield, yield components, length and weight of were measured capsules. Result The results showed that water quality, genotypes and priming interactions caused different changes in yield and yield components. The best genotypes and priming for number of branch, number of capsules per plant, capsule dry weight, thousand seed weight and grain yield belong to the Dashtestan 2 genotype and priming with salicylic acid in 25 mg per liter at the first water quality. Applying a second water quality led to reduction in the number of capsules, thousand seed weight and grain yield. It seems that Dashtestan 2 among the studied genotypes in the first water quality condition, with the highest grain yield, oil and yield components showed the highest rate of compliance with the experimental conditions. Discussion Background and Objectives As on of the world's arid and semiarid climate regions, Iran suffers from two major problems of soil and irrigation water quality in agriculture of arid regions. The first and most critical step of plant growth and development is germination; in addition, the uniformity of germination, average time of germination and emergence are also important parameters in seed quality. One of the new techniques in this regard the use of seed pretreatment that is generally referred to as priming. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of water quality on yield and yield components of two sesame genotypes and determine the genotypes that adapt themselves quickly to changing circumstances of priming and water quality. Material and methods In order to study the effects of water quality, priming and genotypes on yield and yield components of sesame, a field experiment as split plot factorial based on RCBD with three replications was conducted in Dashtestan of Bushehr province in 2013. The main plot involves two measures of water quality (the first by the EC: 3.4 ds/m, soluble salts: 2.14 g/l, pH: 7.7, calcium and sodium: 560 and 276 ppm, and the second by the EC: 0.601 ds/m, soluble salts: 0.33 g/l, pH: 7.4 and calcium and sodium: 96 and 23 ppm) and the sub-plot consisted of factorial arrangement of genotypes (Dashtestan 2 and Line 5) and priming (salicylic acid in 25 and 50 mg per liter and NaCl in 5 and 10 grams per liter and hydro priming as a control). Ultimately, the grain yield, oil yield, yield components, length and weight of were measured capsules. Result The results showed that water quality, genotypes and priming interactions caused different changes in yield and yield components. The best genotypes and priming for number of branch, number of capsules per plant, capsule dry weight, thousand seed weight and grain yield belong to the Dashtestan 2 genotype and priming with salicylic acid in 25 mg per liter at the first water quality. Applying a second water quality led to reduction in the number of capsules, thousand seed weight and grain yield. It seems that Dashtestan 2 among the studied genotypes in the first water quality condition, with the highest grain yield, oil and yield components showed the highest rate of compliance with the experimental conditions. Discussion The two genotypes of sesame were different in saline conditions in terms of capsule manufacturing per plant. It seems that the salinity may limit and disrupt the balance in nutrient uptake by the roots, resulting in the production and allocation of assimilates to reproductive organs, such as decrease of the components, and reproductive organs; the salt may lead to the loss of the number of capsules per plant. In general, it seems that the number of capsules per plant of sesame ecotypes has genetic diversity and this feature can be used in breeding programs. Beneficial effects of salicylic acid on grain yield in relation to the transfer of photosynthesis assimilate in grains during grain filling that is a result of increased grain weight.
